ضمائر الاستفهام في اللغة الإنجليزية
ضمائر الاستفهام في اللغة الإنجليزية ( Interrogative Pronouns ) :هي ضمائر تأتي في بداية الجملة , وتستخدم للاستفهام او السؤال عن شخص , مكان , زمان …
وهذه الضمائر هي :
what, which, who, whom, and whose.
١- (who) ضمير استفهام , يستخدم للسؤال عن الاشخاص. بمعنى مَن .
Who: Used to ask questions about people
مثال:
?Who was driving the car
? Who can answer this question
?Who saw you
٢- (whom) يستخدم للسؤال عن الاشخاص. نادر الاستخدام حالياً ويستخدم (who) بدلاً عنه.
.Whom: used to ask questions about people
مثال:
? To whom am I speaking
? About whom are you talking
?Whom did you see
٣- (what) يستخدم للسؤال عن الاشياء مثل الاسماء ,الانواع ,الاحجام والالوان بمعنى ماذا أو ما.
What: Used to ask questions about general information
مثال :
?What shape is the earth
?What is your name
? What happened
? What date is it today
? What ( size, color, shape..etc) do you want
– وكذلك تستخدم (what) في تكوين صيغة التعجب. مثال:
!What a beautiful morning
!What wonderful eyes Mary has
! What a lovely day
٤- (which) يستخدم للاختيار من بين مجموعة خيارات محدده بمعنى (اي) للاشخاص او الاشياء.
.Which: When you have a limited choice
مثال :
? Which color do you prefer – the red one or the blue one
? Which is the greater
? Which dog is yours
٥- (whose) يستعمل للسؤال الاشخاص والاشياء للاستفسارعن المالك بمعنى (لمن).
Whose: Used to ask questions about people or objects, always related to possession
مثال :
? Whose car is it
? Whose little boy are you
? Whose car did you borrow
? Whose are these gloves
? Whose is this umbrella?
ملاحظه:
– هناك فرق بين لفظ (whose) و (who’s) التي تعني (who is).
– هناك ضمائر اخري تنتهي بـ ‘ ever ‘ or ‘-soever-‘ مثل : Whoever, whomever, whichever, and whatever هي ايضاً ضمائر استفهام
.
| Examples | Use for asking about | Pronoun |
| ?What is your middle name | Asking for general information | What |
| ?Which sports do you play | When you have a limited choice | Which |
| ?Who directed the movie | When asking about a person and name | Who |
| ?Whose keys are these | Enquiring about possession or owner |
Whose |
|
?Whom did you ask |
Use when asking about a person or name | Whom |
